Understanding the Importance of Felt in Pianos
The felt in a piano plays a critical role in its acoustic performance, affecting everything from the precision of hammer strikes to the subtlety of the damping mechanisms. Over time, this felt wears out due to repeated use and environmental factors, necessitating its replacement to maintain optimal sound quality and instrument functionality.
Tools and Materials Needed
- Piano Tuning Lever
- Screwdrivers (flathead and Philips)
- Needle-nose Pliers
- Compressed Air
- Felt Strips (specific to piano model)
- Contact Cement
- Scissors or a Sharp Razor Blade
- Tweezers
- Vacuum Cleaner with Brush Attachment
It is advisable to source these from a reputable dealer specializing in piano parts to ensure quality and compatibility.
Removing Old Felt from Hammers
Step 1: Accessing the Piano Action
Disassembling parts of the piano is necessary to access the hammers. For grand pianos, removal of the keyboard or ‘action’ might be required. Upright pianos might only need the front panel and the hammer rail removed. Utilize your screwdriver and piano tuning lever appropriately to accomplish this.
Step 2: Cleaning Hammer Heads
Once exposed, clean the hammer heads using compressed air and a soft brush attachment on your vacuum. This prepares the surface for new felt application.
Step 3: Removing Old Felt
Carefully peel off the old felt from the hammers. If the felt does not come off easily, gently applying heat via a hairdryer may loosen the adhesive. Ensure not to overheat as this could damage the wood.
Step 4: Preparing the Surface
After removal, clean any residual adhesive or debris using a slightly damp cloth and let it dry completely.
Applying New Felt to Hammers
Step 5: Cutting and Measuring New Felt
Measure the width and thickness of the old felt strips as a guide for cutting the new felt. Use scissors or a sharp razor blade for cutting the felt accurately.
Step 6: Applying Adhesive
Apply a thin layer of contact cement on the hammer heads and the corresponding felt strip. Allow it to become tacky according to the adhesive’s instructions.
Step 7: Attaching Felt
Carefully align the new felt onto the hammer, press it down firmly and allow the adhesive to cure as per the manufacturer’s recommendations. Ensure no bubbles or folds.
Replacing Damper and Key Bushing Felt
Step 8: Accessing Damper and Key Bushing Felt
Using similar approaches as with the hammers, remove necessary parts to access the damper and key bushings. Upright pianos require removing the damper assembly while grand pianos need the removal of individual dampers.
Step 9: Removing and Replacing Damper Felt
Use needle-nose pliers to remove the old felt from dampers. Clean the damper heads with a damp cloth, apply new felt cut to the appropriate size, and use tweezers for precise placement. For damper felts, it’s often advisable to replicate the old felt shape and size exactly.
Step 10: Addressing Key Bushing Felt
For key bushing, delicately pull out the old felt with tweezers. If adhesive remnants resist, use a blunt object like a screwdriver wrapped in a soft cloth to scrub it off carefully. Measure and cut your replacement felt accordingly, apply adhesive, and set the felt in place using tweezers for precise application.
Reassembly and Post-Replacement Tuning
Step 11: Reassemble the Piano
Reverse the disassembly process. Ensure all components are securely refitted. Double-check screws, bolts, and movable parts.
Step 12: Tuning and Testing
Once reassembled, it’s crucial to tune your piano. Hire a professional piano tuner to optimize the sound, as new felt might slightly alter the action and tone of the instrument.
Key Considerations
- Always use high-quality, specific-grade piano felt to ensure longevity and performance.
- Take comprehensive notes and pictures during disassembly to guide smooth reassembly.
- Maintain a clean workspace to avoid dust and debris settling on exposed parts.
Following this guide will ensure the preservation of your instrument’s life and the continued joy and quality of music it produces, enhancing both tactile and auditory experiences for every performer.
